Spring setting range: adjustment valve (control valve) actuator spring adjustment range to balance the actual process force. Flow capacity: The rated flow through the valve under specified conditions.
Gap flow: The flow below the minimum controllable flow when the shut-off element is not seated.
Diaphragm pressure range: The difference between the high and low diaphragm pressure range. This can be considered an inherent or installation feature.
Double-acting actuator: An actuator that provides power in either direction.
Dynamic imbalance force: The net force exerted on the spool at any given opening due to the pressure of the process fluid.
Effective area: In a thin film actuator, the effective area is the area of ​​the diaphragm that effectively produces the output force. The effective area of ​​the diaphragm may change with its movement, usually at the beginning of the stroke, and at the end of the stroke. Molded diaphragms have a smaller effective area change than flat diaphragms, so molded diaphragms are recommended.
Equal percentage flow characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Equivalent Percentage Flow Characteristics".)
Loss of gas - closure: a state in which the energy is driven
When lost, the valve closure element moves to the closed position.
Loss of gas - Open: A state in which: When the energy is driven
When lost, the valve closure element moves to the open position.
Loss of gas - safety: a valve and its actuator
Characteristics: In the event of an interruption of the drive energy supply, the valve closure element will be moved fully closed, fully open, or left in the last position, and any position is considered to be necessary to protect the process. Fail-safe actions may require the use of auxiliary controls connected to the actuator.
Flow characteristics: The relationship between the flow through the valve and the percentage of rated travel when the percentage-rated travel changes from 0 to 100%. This term should always be expressed as inherent flow characteristics or installation flow characteristics.
Flow coefficient (CV value): A constant (CV value) related to the geometry of the valve for a given stroke can be used to measure the flow capacity. It is the United States gallon of 60F water flowing through the valve per minute at a pressure drop of 1 pound per square inch.
High pressure recovery valve: A valve structure that disperses relatively little fluid energy due to its streamlined internal profile and minimal fluid turbulence. Therefore, the pressure downstream of the valve contraction section will return to a very high percentage of the inlet pressure. DC type valves, such as rotary ball valves, are typically high pressure recovery valves.
Intrinsic die pressure range: When the pressure in the valve body is atmospheric, the pressure acting on the diaphragm to produce the nominal spool stroke is high and low. This range usually refers to the spring setpoint range, because when the valve is set in the working range, this range will be the valve's range of motion.
Inherent Flow Characteristics: The relationship between flow and shut-off element stroke as the valve moves from the closed position to the rated stroke when the pressure drop across the valve is constant. Install diaphragm pressure range: Under the condition that the valve body is subject to the specified conditions, the pressure acting on the diaphragm to produce the rated valve core stroke is high and low. Due to the forces acting on the shut-off element, the inherent diaphragm pressure range may differ from the installed diaphragm pressure range.
Installation flow characteristics: When the pressure drop across the valve is affected by changing process conditions, the relationship between the flow and the shut-off element as the valve moves from the closed position to the rated stroke.
Leakage: (See "Valve Leakage".) Linear Flow Characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Linear Characteristics.")
Low pressure recovery valve: A valve structure that disperses a significant portion of fluid energy due to the turbulent flow path profile. As a result, the pressure downstream of the valve contraction section returns to a smaller inlet pressure percentage than a valve with more streamlined passages. Although the structure of each valve is not the same, the ordinary straight-through valve usually has a low pressure recovery capability.
Modified Parabolic Flow Characteristics: A flow characteristic that provides equal percentage characteristics at the low stroke of the shut-off element and linearity at the high stroke of the shut-off element.
Normally closed valve: (See "Failure - Close.")
Normally Open Valve: ("See Lost - Open".)
Push down and close the structure: A straight-through valve structure with a shut-off element between the actuator and the seat ring so that the push-out of the actuator pushes the shut-off element towards the seat ring and finally closes the valve (Fig. 1) -3). This term can also be used for rotary valve structures. In a rotary valve configuration, the linear extension of the actuator stem moves the ball or valve plate toward the closed position. (Also called positive action.)
Push down to open the structure: a straight-through valve structure. Its seat ring is located between the actuator and the shut-off element, so that the introduction of the push rod of the actuator moves the shut-off element away from the valve seat, thus opening the valve. This term can also be used for rotary valve structures. In a rotary valve configuration, the linear extension of the actuator stem moves the ball or valve plate toward the open position. (also known as reaction).
Fast opening flow characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Quick Opening Characteristics".)
Adjustable ratio: The ratio between the maximum flow coefficient (CV value) and the minimum flow coefficient (CV value) when the deviation from the specified flow characteristics does not exceed the specified limit. When the flow rate is increased to 100 times the minimum controllable flow, a still well-controlled valve has a 100:1 turndown ratio. The adjustable ratio can also be expressed as the ratio between the maximum and minimum controllable flow.
Rated flow coefficient (CV value): The flow coefficient (CV value) of the valve at the rated stroke.
Rated stroke: The distance from the closed position of the valve closing element to the fully open position. The full open position is the maximum opening recommended by the manufacturer.
Relative flow coefficient: The ratio between the flow coefficient (CV value) at the specified stroke and the flow coefficient (CV value) at the rated stroke.
Seat Leakage: The amount of fluid that flows through the valve when the valve is in the fully closed position at the specified pressure differential and temperature. (ANSI leak levels, briefly described in Chapter 5.)
Spring Coefficient: The change in spring force per unit of spring length. In diaphragm actuator control valves (control valves), the spring constant is usually expressed in terms of pound force/inch compression.
Valve stem imbalance force: The net force generated on the valve stem at any position due to the fluid pressure.
Condensed flow section: The portion of the stream where the flow rate is maximum, hydrostatic pressure, and cross-sectional area are at a minimum. In a regulating valve (control valve), the contraction section is usually located downstream of the actual physical limit. (Santa Butterfly Valve Edit)
Gap flow: The flow below the minimum controllable flow when the shut-off element is not seated.
Diaphragm pressure range: The difference between the high and low diaphragm pressure range. This can be considered an inherent or installation feature.
Double-acting actuator: An actuator that provides power in either direction.
Dynamic imbalance force: The net force exerted on the spool at any given opening due to the pressure of the process fluid.
Effective area: In a thin film actuator, the effective area is the area of ​​the diaphragm that effectively produces the output force. The effective area of ​​the diaphragm may change with its movement, usually at the beginning of the stroke, and at the end of the stroke. Molded diaphragms have a smaller effective area change than flat diaphragms, so molded diaphragms are recommended.
Equal percentage flow characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Equivalent Percentage Flow Characteristics".)
Loss of gas - closure: a state in which the energy is driven
When lost, the valve closure element moves to the closed position.
Loss of gas - Open: A state in which: When the energy is driven
When lost, the valve closure element moves to the open position.
Loss of gas - safety: a valve and its actuator
Characteristics: In the event of an interruption of the drive energy supply, the valve closure element will be moved fully closed, fully open, or left in the last position, and any position is considered to be necessary to protect the process. Fail-safe actions may require the use of auxiliary controls connected to the actuator.
Flow characteristics: The relationship between the flow through the valve and the percentage of rated travel when the percentage-rated travel changes from 0 to 100%. This term should always be expressed as inherent flow characteristics or installation flow characteristics.
Flow coefficient (CV value): A constant (CV value) related to the geometry of the valve for a given stroke can be used to measure the flow capacity. It is the United States gallon of 60F water flowing through the valve per minute at a pressure drop of 1 pound per square inch.
High pressure recovery valve: A valve structure that disperses relatively little fluid energy due to its streamlined internal profile and minimal fluid turbulence. Therefore, the pressure downstream of the valve contraction section will return to a very high percentage of the inlet pressure. DC type valves, such as rotary ball valves, are typically high pressure recovery valves.
Intrinsic die pressure range: When the pressure in the valve body is atmospheric, the pressure acting on the diaphragm to produce the nominal spool stroke is high and low. This range usually refers to the spring setpoint range, because when the valve is set in the working range, this range will be the valve's range of motion.
Inherent Flow Characteristics: The relationship between flow and shut-off element stroke as the valve moves from the closed position to the rated stroke when the pressure drop across the valve is constant. Install diaphragm pressure range: Under the condition that the valve body is subject to the specified conditions, the pressure acting on the diaphragm to produce the rated valve core stroke is high and low. Due to the forces acting on the shut-off element, the inherent diaphragm pressure range may differ from the installed diaphragm pressure range.
Installation flow characteristics: When the pressure drop across the valve is affected by changing process conditions, the relationship between the flow and the shut-off element as the valve moves from the closed position to the rated stroke.
Leakage: (See "Valve Leakage".) Linear Flow Characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Linear Characteristics.")
Low pressure recovery valve: A valve structure that disperses a significant portion of fluid energy due to the turbulent flow path profile. As a result, the pressure downstream of the valve contraction section returns to a smaller inlet pressure percentage than a valve with more streamlined passages. Although the structure of each valve is not the same, the ordinary straight-through valve usually has a low pressure recovery capability.
Modified Parabolic Flow Characteristics: A flow characteristic that provides equal percentage characteristics at the low stroke of the shut-off element and linearity at the high stroke of the shut-off element.
Normally closed valve: (See "Failure - Close.")
Normally Open Valve: ("See Lost - Open".)
Push down and close the structure: A straight-through valve structure with a shut-off element between the actuator and the seat ring so that the push-out of the actuator pushes the shut-off element towards the seat ring and finally closes the valve (Fig. 1) -3). This term can also be used for rotary valve structures. In a rotary valve configuration, the linear extension of the actuator stem moves the ball or valve plate toward the closed position. (Also called positive action.)
Push down to open the structure: a straight-through valve structure. Its seat ring is located between the actuator and the shut-off element, so that the introduction of the push rod of the actuator moves the shut-off element away from the valve seat, thus opening the valve. This term can also be used for rotary valve structures. In a rotary valve configuration, the linear extension of the actuator stem moves the ball or valve plate toward the open position. (also known as reaction).
Fast opening flow characteristics: (See "Process Control Term": "Quick Opening Characteristics".)
Adjustable ratio: The ratio between the maximum flow coefficient (CV value) and the minimum flow coefficient (CV value) when the deviation from the specified flow characteristics does not exceed the specified limit. When the flow rate is increased to 100 times the minimum controllable flow, a still well-controlled valve has a 100:1 turndown ratio. The adjustable ratio can also be expressed as the ratio between the maximum and minimum controllable flow.
Rated flow coefficient (CV value): The flow coefficient (CV value) of the valve at the rated stroke.
Rated stroke: The distance from the closed position of the valve closing element to the fully open position. The full open position is the maximum opening recommended by the manufacturer.
Relative flow coefficient: The ratio between the flow coefficient (CV value) at the specified stroke and the flow coefficient (CV value) at the rated stroke.
Seat Leakage: The amount of fluid that flows through the valve when the valve is in the fully closed position at the specified pressure differential and temperature. (ANSI leak levels, briefly described in Chapter 5.)
Spring Coefficient: The change in spring force per unit of spring length. In diaphragm actuator control valves (control valves), the spring constant is usually expressed in terms of pound force/inch compression.
Valve stem imbalance force: The net force generated on the valve stem at any position due to the fluid pressure.
Condensed flow section: The portion of the stream where the flow rate is maximum, hydrostatic pressure, and cross-sectional area are at a minimum. In a regulating valve (control valve), the contraction section is usually located downstream of the actual physical limit. (Santa Butterfly Valve Edit)
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