On October 8, 2010, the Japan Lighting Industry Association (J EL MA) developed the "straight tube type LED lamp system with L-shaped lamp socket (for general lighting )" for straight-tube type LED lamps using LEDs for light sources (JEL801: 2010) Standard. As an alternative to the commonly used straight tube type fluorescent lamps such as office buildings, straight tube type LED lamps are expected to be increasingly strong. Although there are already straight-tube type LED lamps manufactured in Korea and other markets in the Japanese market, the manufacturers involved are mainly small and medium-sized enterprises. The main lamp manufacturers are hesitant to launch products because they do not have standards. The development of this standard will promote the popularity of straight tube type LED lamps.
In the case of straight tube type LED lamps, it has been pointed out that there are problems in lamp compatibility, brightness, weight and safety. This standard adds content that eliminates these concerns.
There are clear reasons for specifying these values. For example, the luminous flux of 2300 lm is determined by considering the actual use conditions of dozens of lamps. When compared with a 40W class fluorescent lamp under the same setting conditions, this is the luminous flux required to obtain the same illumination. Moreover, "the luminous flux does not exceed 70% in the range of 120 degrees" is a must pay attention. It is characterized in that light can be sufficiently reached to a portion exceeding 120 degrees. Illuminators have the use of reflectors to achieve the desired orientation of the light, such lighting fixtures are difficult to use with only bright tubes directly below the tube. In addition, if the light does not reach around the tube, there will be a case where "the inside is bright but the wall is dark and uncomfortable". In order to prevent this, it is necessary to achieve this condition.
Among the current straight-tube type LED lamps, the more prominent ones are products with higher vertical illumination and no less than fluorescent lamps. This standard is no less important than fluorescent lamps in all respects, and there is no difference in the use of fluorescent lamps. For example, for products that replace 40W fluorescent lamps, the luminous flux of the white straight tube type LED lamp is more than 2300 lm, the color rendering index is above 80, and the luminous flux does not exceed the overall value in the range of 120 degrees of the lamp illumination angle. 70% and other regulations.
In the standard-setting stage, JELMA's franchisees have put forward too strict conditions. The conditions set by this standard are technically very high. But if you don't do this, you will see a lamp that is worse than a fluorescent lamp. LEDs are still in the process of development, so such values ​​are set for future improvements in LED efficiency and brightness.
Standard setting process
Lamps used for lighting must first ensure safety and compatibility. At present, most of the straight tube type LED lamps on the market need to be used for power supply construction of the lighting fixtures, or the straight tube type LED lamps can be directly mounted on the fluorescent lamp holders. In terms of power input, there are products that are input from both ends of the lamp like ordinary fluorescent lamps, and products that are input only from one side. In this case, the compatibility of the lamp can not be discussed.
However, the lamp holder still uses the same "G13" type as the straight tube type fluorescent lamp. Therefore, it is easy for a consumer to mistake a LED lamp and connect it to a lamp holder that does not have compatibility. Moreover, in Japan, there are various types of lighting fixtures with G13-type sockets, ranging from old-fashioned to the latest. It is different from the power supply circuit, so it cannot be said that any lighting fixture can use LED lights instead of fluorescent lamps.
At present, there are not many straight-tube LED lights on the market, and sellers can still teach consumers the correct way to use them. However, after the increase in the circulation of such lamps, this level of service will not be maintained, and consumers are likely to be misused. There are hundreds of millions of lamps for lighting in the market. Even if the frequency of accidents caused by misuse is only the ppm level, dozens of cases occur every year. JELMA is unable to secure a "package ticket" for all straight tube fluorescent lamps that can be connected to the G13 lamp socket.
For this reason, we decided not to use the G13 lamp model when we set the standard for straight-tube LEDs. Change it to a light port called "L". In this way, it is possible to prevent the straight tube type LED lamp from being mistakenly connected to the lighting fixture using the straight tube type fluorescent lamp.
Standard features
Standards have also been established not only for the individual lamps but also for lighting systems using straight tube type LED lamps. There are roughly four features on the system. First, the power supply circuit is disposed outside the lamp tube to supply direct current to the lamp. In other words, the lamp unit eliminates the power supply circuit and becomes a DC drive. The second is the use of an L-shaped lamp socket. Then the lamp holder can be replaced. Finally, the lamp is powered from one end face (one side supply).
The biggest reason for the external power supply circuit is to improve the luminous efficiency of the straight tube type LED lamp. At this stage, it is necessary to achieve the brightness and efficiency of a 40W-class straight tube type fluorescent lamp through LED lamps. Changing the power circuit to an external mode is considered to increase the optical design freedom in the lamp and improve brightness and efficiency.
The lamp holder with the L-shaped lamp socket has been changed to a replaceable design for long-term use of lighting fixtures to ensure high safety. No matter which kind of light source, the lamp holder can not avoid deterioration after long-term use. By changing the lamp holder to a replaceable design, you can ensure that the lighting fixture can be used for a long time.
The one-sided power supply was changed to improve the safety when replacing LED lights. When electrodes are provided at both ends of the LED lamp, even when the one-side electrode is connected to the lamp port, an electric shock occurs when the other electrode is touched by hand. This risk of electric shock can be avoided by concentrating the electrodes on one side. In addition, although the straight tube type fluorescent lamp has terminals at both ends, the lamp is energized when the electrodes at both ends are connected to the lamp port, so there is no need to worry about electric shock.
It has also been pointed out that there is a danger of falling straight-type LED lamps. What considerations have been made to this point when setting standards?
Indeed, the 40W class of fluorescent lamps is only 200g, and there are more than 600g in the straight tube type LED lamps on the market. LED heating can cause the tube to bend, and heat shrinkage may occur during use, with the risk of falling. If you don't set standards, you will worry consumers when you use LED tubes for a long time.
Therefore, this standard specifies the heat shrinkage note 1) and the flexure note 2). Compared with fluorescent lamps using glass, LED lamps which are mostly made of a resin material are susceptible to heat shrinkage and deflection.
Note 1) This standard specifies that the heat shrinkage is such that the distance between the lamp and the lamp port is controlled to be 2.0 mm or less when the ambient temperature difference is 50K.
Note 2) This standard specifies the deflection caused by the weight of the lamp itself to be 10 mm or less at the center.
It has been pointed out that there are "flashing" problems with LED light products.
For the waveform of the current flowing in the lamp, we stipulate that "the volatility cannot exceed 1.3". This is to prevent the occurrence of flicker. The volatility is a value calculated by taking the average value of the current flowing in the lamp as the denominator and calculating the change in the current value as a numerator. When this value is specified as a maximum of 1.4, the current flowing in the lamp will periodically approach zero. If it does not exceed 1.3, this phenomenon will not occur. Moreover, we also set the period of the waveform to be 100 Hz or more.
How long did it take to develop this standard?
About 1 year. In 2009, JELMA released a survey report on the performance comparison of the best-selling straight-tube fluorescent lamps in the name of "promoting the correct popularization of LED lighting --problems and countermeasures", and used this as a trigger to put forward relevant standards. JELMA's member companies have been engaged in lamp development for many years. Although LEDs are new types of light sources, these companies can make rough guesses based on the experience of existing light sources such as fluorescent lamps, which may arise when cultivating them as lighting lamps. These experiences have been fully utilized in this standard setting.
What actions will be taken in international standardization?
Proposals for international standards are being considered. We recently introduced this standard at a meeting of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which aroused the interest of the participants. There are also many consultations about purchasing standard books from overseas.
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