The three branches of photovoltaic industry

Current solar cell technologies in commercial applications include: crystalline silicon (single/polysilicon) cells, thin-film (amorphous silicon, CdTe, CIGS) cells, and concentrating (GaAs) cells. Crystalline silicon batteries are relatively mainstream due to their mature technology and high conversion efficiency. Their market share is still over 80%. Thin film batteries have the advantages of low cost, light weight, good light transmission, good flexibility, and easy integration with building materials, and have significant application advantages in the field of building integration (BIPV). CPV technology is an ideal technology for large-scale photovoltaic power plants in the future because of its high conversion efficiency, small land occupation area, and good energy-saving and emission-reduction effects.

In the crystalline silicon technology industry chain, investment opportunities are mainly in equipment and auxiliary materials. Optimistic about the growth and profitability of Tianlong Optoelectronics and other companies. The market for auxiliary materials for the silicon wafer cutting segment is in short supply, and the market is highly concentrated. Leading companies have profited from large-scale capacity expansion and investment opportunities. We focus on companies such as Xindaxinxin and Stellar Technologies. In the manufacturing of batteries and modules, rapid expansion of production capacity of enterprises and intensified market competition, it is recommended to pay attention to large-scale and integrated leading enterprises. Haitong Group is a better investment target. With the decline in polysilicon prices and the implementation of industry access rules, the gap in profitability among domestic companies will increase. It is recommended to pay attention to companies with high cost control capabilities and low energy consumption, such as CSG A and Yinxing Energy.

In terms of thin film technology, with the promotion of building energy efficiency and the introduction of the user-side power generation Internet access and subsidy policy, BIPV is facing a huge space for development, and thin-film batteries will usher in the second wave of high-speed development. China has advantages in terms of brand and scale in amorphous silicon thin-film batteries. Amorphous silicon batteries are still the main direction for China to develop thin-film batteries, and it is recommended to pay attention to the leading companies to expand new products. The laboratory efficiency of CIGS batteries has reached 20%, close to the laboratory efficiency of crystalline silicon cells. The attractive prospect of CIGS technology has become a bright spot for investment in thin-film batteries. Related listed companies include Vosges and Hakoko.

Concentrating technology, CPV technology is an ideal technology for large-scale photovoltaic power plants in the future because of its high conversion efficiency, small land occupation area, and good energy-saving and emission-reduction effects. With the maturity of key technologies such as trackers, gradual improvement in stability and reliability, and continuous reduction in power generation costs, the surface application market for concentrating technologies will face explosive growth opportunities, and photovoltaic power generation technologies will be diversified. At present, there are few market participants for concentrating technology, and Sanan Optoelectronics, Qianzhao Optoelectronics and other companies have the first-mover advantage. Concentrating business in the short term is the hot spot of the company's stocks. With the completion and release of production capacity in the next 2-3 years, it is expected to become the highlight of the company.

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