Analysis of network design of TV station and theater lighting system

With the frequent occurrence of large-scale projects of new construction and reconstruction of TV stations / theatres in China, the use of powerful functions of the network introduces advanced management technologies, rational use of resources, and efficient control of equipment operations, that is, the management of large studios / theaters and network Networking has become a topic of great concern to experts, scholars, lighting engineers, and investors. As a large-scale studio / theater lighting system, the network application of lighting equipment has already emerged in some systems, but how to choose a lighting network system, so that all different lighting equipment can coordinate the operation of the network, so that all Lighting designers can easily control all lighting equipment through the network, which is the ideal pursuit of all lighting system designers today.

The application of network technology in the lighting system now mainly includes some applications in the dimming system and computer lights. The network of the entire lighting system has just started, but it is foreseeable that the lighting system will inevitably enter the network era in the near future. In foreign countries, many companies have conducted research on the networking of lighting systems, and have proposed a variety of solutions, each of which has formulated signal protocol standards and system function requirements. How to choose-a lighting network system that is "not backward in 20 years" and financially affordable in line with national conditions has become the ideal goal pursued by current system designers, while also providing new development directions and opportunities for domestic lighting equipment manufacturers , Put forward higher requirements for their research and development capabilities.

Experts, scholars, system designers, and supervision companies call on relevant state departments to formulate standards for lighting network systems and signal protocols as soon as possible to deal with the increasing number of video, video, stage plan design, supervision engineering, and acceptance engineering events; at the same time, with Our own Chinese standards provide design and manufacturing basis for domestic lighting equipment manufacturers, unified standards, and reduce blind research. Experts are very concerned about the country's plan to comprehensively renovate more than 1,000 theaters across the country by 2010. The standardization of the design of the wiring scheme of the lighting network system involves long-term benefits such as huge budgets and future advancement of the system in theater management.

1. Traditional DMX lighting control system solution

First of all, because a DMX signal only contains 512 channel signals, it is also called DMX-512 signal. The dimming circuit of the general dimming system of large studios or theaters has more than 512 control circuits, and some even have more than a thousand two. Thousand loops, in this case, multiple DMX signals are required to meet the control resource requirements of the dimming system; the functions of the scanners are becoming more and more powerful, and more and more control channels are required, and the control channels of some scanners have exceeded Thirty, a DMX signal can control up to ten lights at most, a performance often requires dozens of computer lights, so more DMX signals are needed.

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Secondly, in addition to dimming silicon boxes and computer lights, a lighting designer for a show and a party must also control DMX resources such as color changers, smoke machines, electric booms, special effect lights, and so on. Due to the limitation of DMX signal resources, the wiring of control signals has made the control system very complicated.

For example, in a large studio, the DMX signal line output from the lighting control room can be divided into two branches, the first DMX signal branch is directly connected to the dimmer system through the dimming console, and the second DMX signal branch Including DMX signals such as computer lights, color changers and other smart lamps, they are laid out from the control room to the DMX distributor / amplifier of the lighting bridge or equipment level, and then distributed from the distributor to each boom, which is often possible on the same boom There are several types of DMX signal equipment. Generally, there are 2 to 4 DMX signal lines on each boom. With the increasing demand for lighting control schemes, the variety of DMX lighting equipment has increased. TV station) has adopted the scheme of 5-6 DMX signal lines per boom. Some places even adopt the design scheme of 8 DMX signal lines per boom.

When lighting designers are designing lighting systems, they are faced with such a complex and changeable system. It is very difficult to meet the control requirements of lighting equipment for various performances.

However, since most of the lighting equipment is DMX equipment, the signal connection of DMX is simple and clear on a small lighting system. The DMX system is still the most practical and widely used lighting system, and is the first choice for small lighting systems.

2. Semi-network lighting control system solution

The semi-network lighting control system is the first application of network technology in the lighting system, but strictly speaking, this is not a network dimming system, it only converts part of the DMX signal transmission into network transmission. This program is currently most foreign The network wiring scheme adopted by the company in domestic bidding. Compared with the traditional DMX wiring scheme, the semi-network lighting control system replaces the traditional DMX transmission method with a network transmission method for the signal transmission from the control room to the equipment layer and the dimmer room for a longer distance. The output TCP / IP network signal is input to the network hub HUB (the DMX signal of the non-network console is converted into a TCP / IP network signal by the DMX network encoder and input), and the TCP / IP network signal output from the network hub HUB is divided into two branches Road, Article-The TCP / IP network signal branch is transmitted from the control room to the dimmer room, where the TCP / IP network signal is converted into a standard DMX signal through the network DMX decoder to drive the dimmer, and the second TCP / IP network signal The IP network signal branch includes the control signals of computer lights, color changers and other intelligent lamps. The DMX decoder on the light bridge or device layer is converted into DMX signals, and then the DMX signals are distributed to each through the DMX signal distributor and amplifier. A suspender. In essence, this solution only solves the network transmission of some lines, and does not treat all lighting equipment (such as lamps, dimmers, etc.) as the terminal equipment of the network, so it is not a complete network. Solution Solution.

3. Full network lighting control system solution

The scheme of the whole network lighting control system is shown in Figure 3.

The biggest feature of this solution is that from the console to all lighting equipment, all use TCP / IP network signal line transmission, the TCP / IP network signal output from the control room is divided into two branches, the first-TCP / IP network signal branch The road is transmitted from the control room to the dimmer room, where the TCP / IP network signal line is directly connected to the network dimmer. It needs to be pointed out that in the network-wide lighting system wiring scheme, the network dimmer is connected to the network signal line through the network signal line. Other dimming equipment in the system, such as network dimming station, file server, central monitor and other two-way exchange control information, these control information include: dimming control DMX signal, dimmer status information report ReporTIng, dimmer station backup, Dimming curve setting, central control dimming command, etc. The second TCP / IP network signal branch includes two-way exchange of control information of computer lights, color changers and other intelligent lamps, and is converted by a network hub on the lighting bridge or equipment layer Into multiple TCP / IP network signals, where traditional DMX signal distributors and amplifiers have been replaced by multiple network hubs, and multiple DMX signal lines distributed on the boom are replaced by one network line, TCP / IP The network signal can be directly connected to the network lighting equipment with TCP / IP network signal interface on the boom, or it can be converted into a DMX signal by the network DMX decoder to control the DMX lighting equipment such as computer lights and color changers.

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In summary, the full network lighting control system solution truly realizes the networking of the lighting system, which is compatible with network controllers, DMX controllers, network lighting equipment, and DMX lighting equipment. It is the most advanced lighting system today. In addition to the full real-time two-way communication between the console and each device in the lighting system, the full network lighting control system also has the great advantage that the circuit structure is greatly simplified and the wiring and maintenance costs are saved compared to the previous two schemes.

4. Network DMX matrix lighting control system solution

Figure 4 is a network DMX matrix lighting control system solution.It is a major improvement on the basis of a complete network lighting control wiring solution.The network lighting system solution first launched by China Hedong Electronics Co., Ltd.

The network DMX matrix lighting control scheme is to rearrange the network signals and DMX signals of all different lighting consoles through the network DMX matrix encoder, and use the network to directly transmit to the network lighting equipment or demodulate the DMX signal to control the DMX lighting through the network DMX decoder device.

Compared with the complete network lighting control wiring scheme, this scheme has the following two advantages.

1 Due to the use of a hanging network dimmer, the role of the dimmer control room is partially or completely cancelled.Just place the power line and network line on the boom, the wiring structure is further greatly simplified.

2 Using the latest network DMX matrix technology, the multi-channel DMX signal and network signal input to the boom are combined into a DMX signal line output or network signal output, which means that no matter how many DMX lamps are used on the boom in the program , Only a DMX-512 decoder with a 1-channel output network can solve the problem, and it has really changed and changed!

In summary, with the network DMX matrix lighting control system, no matter how to add the lighting stand and lighting equipment in the lighting design, as long as the network DMX matrix encoder is rearranged, there is no need to consider the signal transmission and wiring, control the network DMX matrix system The solution is superior to the complete network lighting control wiring solution in terms of advancedness and economy.

The following briefly describes the functions of several major network lighting equipment in the network DMX matrix wiring scheme.

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A Network DMX encoder / decoder

The main function:
Convert one or more DMX signals of non-network lighting console to TCP / IP network signals, or convert TCP / IP network signals to multiple DMX signals, generally there are 1 channel, 2 channels, 4 channels and 8 channels DMX- 512 signal input / output 4 kinds of manufacturers reference products Stand: SN103
ETc: ETCNET-2
Compulite: E-mix
HDL: N001

B Main functions of wireless network DMX encoder / decoder:
Convert multiple DMX signals from non-network lighting consoles to TCP / IP network signals, or convert TCP / IP network signals to multiple DMX signals, and use the 802.11b standard to wirelessly access TCP / IP network signals to the network. The maximum wireless transmission distance is 800 meters.
Manufacturer's reference product Stand: No see report ETc: No see report Compulite: No see report HDL: WN001

Main functions of C network DMX matrix decoder:
The multi-channel DMX signal converted from the TCP / IP network signal is re-encoded as a single DMX-512 signal output, and the corresponding DMX lighting equipment is selectively controlled according to the logic instructions of the network DMX matrix editor.
Manufacturer's reference product Stand: No see report ETc: No see report Compulite: No see report HDL: N005

D network DMX matrix editor main functions:
According to the requirements of on-site lighting design, plan the logic relationship of the single DMX-512 signal output of the network DMX matrix decoder, and selectively control the corresponding DMX lighting equipment.
Manufacturer's reference product Stand: No see report ETc: No see report Compulite: No see report HDL: N006

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Main functions of E fixed network dimmer:
New network technology dimmer, TCP / IP network signal access, compatible with DMX512 signal at the same time, two-way communication with related equipment of lighting network, on the one hand accept DMX and other control commands of the system, on the other hand accept other network equipment access, Report the electrical parameters of the dimming circuit to the system. It is the main equipment in the lighting network control. It is one of the most important lighting network equipment.

Manufacturer reference product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: D96Plus

F hanging type network dimmer

The main function:
Hanging design, both mobile and fixed. There are 2 kinds of power output of 2x2KW and 4x2KW, and other functions are the same as fixed network dimmers.
Manufacturer's reference product Stand: No see report ETc: No see report Compulite: No see report HDL: N008

G network dimmer

The main function:
Computer dimming station with TCP / IP interface, through network signal line and other dimming equipment in the system, such as network dimmer, file server, central monitor and other two-way exchange control information, it is the most important lighting network equipment one.
Manufacturer Reference Product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: Dongfang Long 2008 Series Network Dimmer

H network dimmer offline editor

The main function:
The portable laptop computer cooperates with the network dimming station software. It is synchronized with the main dimming station through the network, and can be used as an auxiliary tool for the lighting engineer to edit and modify the lighting program offline during the preview, and can be used as a synchronized backup dimming station during the performance.
Manufacturer Reference Product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: 2008B

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I Network file server

The main function:
Exchange the performance program and historical performance data with the dimmer station in the network in two directions, and record the working parameters of the network dimmer regularly.
Manufacturer reference product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: Yes

J Network dimmer monitor

The main function:
Real-time record and display the working status parameters of the dimmer in the network system, and send out an alarm when the system fails.
Manufacturer reference product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: Yes

K Network dimmer monitor with backup console
The main function:
It has a manual console with a USB interface to the network dimmer monitor. It can receive the sub masters control data of the network dimmer through the network. It can be used as a backup console in an emergency. Other functions are the same as network dimming. Light monitor. This is a network lighting product that is very suitable for China's national conditions. Stand: No see report ETc: No see report Compulite: No see report HDL: 2008c

L wireless network lighting remote control main functions:
Adopt 802.11b wireless Ethernet communication technology, use PDA handheld computer as the wireless terminal of the lighting network, can directly exchange commands with the computer dimming station, as a light assist tool during performance installation and rehearsal, and as a system backup during the official performance Use as a dimmer.
Manufacturer reference product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: WN002

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Main functions of M cable network light remote control:
Wired TCP / IP network interface, the same function as wireless network light remote control.
Manufacturer Reference Product Stand: Yes ETc: Yes Compulite: Yes HDL: N002

5. Outlook

Although the DMX signal protocol is still a very popular standard signal protocol, the DMX-512 signal protocol is still a very popular standard signal protocol, but due to its small amount of transmitted information and one-way communication and other fatal shortcomings, it has not been able to meet modern TV stations. And the technical and business management requirements of the theater to the lighting control system, so the DMX-512 signal protocol must be a transitional signal protocol. In fact, recently, there have been network luminaires that conform to the TCP / TP protocol in Europe. There are several famous manufacturers in the world, including HDL in China; production of network dimmers and network dimmers that comply with the TCP / TP protocol has begun. The TCP / TP network protocol signal has the absolute advantages of versatility and high-speed two-way transmission.It will play the most important role in the field control, technical management, and operation management of future TV stations / theaters. The network protocol will replace DMX as the standard signal protocol for TV station / theatre lighting control system. The author believes that in the next few years, in the design of TV station and theater lighting network wiring schemes, "full network lighting system wiring scheme" and "network DMX matrix lighting" "Plan" will completely replace the traditional DMX lighting system wiring plan and become the mainstream control system structure plan!

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