Abstract : This paper describes the design and production of an intelligent multi-function umbrella for the elderly based on MCU control technology, GSM technology, sensor technology and GPS positioning and navigation technology. According to the structure of the umbrella, the design proposes the use of cylindrical circuit board, foldable display screen and flexible circuit board and other process technologies to realize the functions of positioning SMS help, hand warming, GPS positioning and simple direction navigation. The system structure is simple, the function is relatively complete, and the cost is relatively low. Tests show that the system functions are basically realized, and the operation is relatively stable and reliable.
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0 Preface
The social population is aging, the number of elderly people who need to take care of a young couple is gradually increasing, and the problem of elderly care is becoming more and more serious. The life care and health protection of the elderly is an urgent problem to be solved in urban construction. In line with the construction of smart cities, there is an urgent need to use modern technology to provide comfortable, safe and convenient life care methods for the elderly. There are often many inconveniences for the elderly to travel, especially in the rainy weather, which is extremely inconvenient and even dangerous for the elderly. Most of the umbrellas that the elderly rely on for travel currently only have the function of sheltering the rain. Therefore, intelligent multi-purpose umbrellas designed specifically for the elderly are urgently needed.
1 system design
The smart multi-function umbrella of the elderly proposed by the design is mainly composed of MCU control module, GSM module, sensor module, GPS module, heating module, etc., and can realize the functions of positioning short message for help, GPS positioning, simple direction navigation, hand warming and the like.
1.1 System appearance structure design
Due to the limitations of the umbrella structure itself, its installation system has become a major problem. Considering the three parts of the umbrella surface, the rib and the handle, the handle has a suitable volume, simple operation and easy replacement. In design, a cylindrical circuit is proposed in the handle for how to increase the board area to integrate the various functional circuits. In order to reduce the system's requirements on the handle volume, it is proposed to adopt a foldable display screen and a flexible circuit board, which is expected to be simple and beautiful.
The system uses a cylindrical circuit board (r = 20mm, h = 100mm), and integrates the main hardware into the lower part of the handle, as shown in Figure 1(a). The main circuits of GPS receiving engine (13.9mm*15.0mm), GSM integrated module (34.0mm*25.0mm) and control center (15.1mm*12.5mm) can be easily embedded with respect to the large surface area of ​​cylindrical circuit board. Into the handle, as shown in Figure 1 (b).
The LED display (50mm*30mm) is designed on the upper part of the handle and can be rotated by 90° to greatly reduce the system volume, as shown in Figure 1(c). A flexible circuit board is used at the rotating interface of the display screen, as shown in FIG. 1(d), to realize communication between the display module and the main controller.
The carbon fiber used in the heating module is wrapped around the handle and encapsulated in a plastic film. The built-in temperature sensor is used for detection, and the handle of the umbrella is automatically heated, which can realize the warm hand function and be more humane and considerate to the elderly.
The system uses buttons to achieve human-computer interaction. Only three large buttons are selected, which are vertically embedded in one side of the handle, as shown in Fig. 1(e), which is more suitable for the elderly.
The electronic device is coated with reinforced glue, the circuit board is coated with waterproof glue, and a waterproof film is added on the periphery of the handle to better prevent falling and waterproof.
1.2 System function design
1.2.1 Hardware circuit module design
The block diagram of the hardware circuit module is shown in Figure 2. After receiving the valid GPS signal, the MCU can control the GSM module to send the positioning help message to the designated mobile phone user. At the same time, the magnetic field signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor can be processed by using the direction algorithm. And calculating the position signal received by the GPS module and the position signal of the end point, and obtaining the direction signal, and finally presenting the direction through the LED display screen to achieve the navigation effect. The MCU measures the outside temperature through a temperature sensor. If the temperature is lower than the set value, the carbon fiber heating element is heated to heat the handle.
1.2.2 Software programming design
The MCU mainly relies on the system work flow chart, as shown in Figure 3. The flow chart can be divided into four parts: positioning, navigation, SMS and temperature control heating. The system loops to detect button and handle temperatures. After the button is pressed, the system performs a corresponding function in the positioning, navigation and SMS rescue, and the loop detection button is continued after the execution. The system cyclically detects the handle temperature and controls the heating element to keep the handle temperature between 20 and 43 °C.
2 system implementation
2.1 GPS positioning
The GPS module captures a very small electromagnetic wave of the GPS satellite signal through the antenna and converts it into a weak current, and transmits the signal to the receiving module. The GPS receiving module processes the signal and transmits it to the MCU, and the MCU determines whether the received GPS signal is valid. If the signal is invalid, the MCU chooses to discard; if the signal is valid, the MCU module extracts the location information from the GPS data and stores it in the EEPROM inside the MCU as the end point of the navigation.
2.2 Simple Directional Navigation
The magnetoresistive elements of the magnetoresistive sensor form a common sensitive axis, with three mutually orthogonal sensitive axes pointing in the XYZ direction. The MCU reads the coordinate information in the XY direction through the I?C bus, and processes the magnetic field signal generated by the magnetoresistive sensor and the position signal received by the GPS module and the position signal of the end point by using an angle algorithm to obtain a direction signal to the end point, And through the LED display screen, the forward direction arrow is presented, thereby implementing the navigation function.
The specific calculation method of the direction algorithm is: subtracting the longitude and latitude of the current position from the longitude and latitude of the destination, and multiplying the distance changed by each change of the latitude and longitude by 1°. The above calculation can obtain the distance between the destination and the current position in the north-south direction and the east-west direction, and then substitute the two distances into the arctangent function to obtain the clip of the current position and the destination connection clockwise rotation and the east formation based on the east. angle. Next, the data in the XY direction returned by the magnetic field sensor is substituted into the arctangent function to obtain an angle formed by the clockwise rotation in front and the east in the east. Subtract the two angles to obtain the angle between the current position and the destination line that rotates clockwise and directly in front of the front.
After knowing the angle and the reference direction, the LED display will show the direction in an arrow pattern, and the direction will be updated continuously during the movement. When the user's location differs from the destination latitude and longitude by less than 0.04", that is, about 5m to 10m, the system assumes that the user has reached the destination and the LED display shows "OK".
2.3 Location SMS Help
This function selects the TC35 integrated module, which is sensitive to the capture of GSM signals and has good communication quality.
The MCU sends different AT commands to the GSM module by determining whether the GPS signal received by the GPS module is valid. When the received GPS signal is valid, the system obtains the location information of the location by processing the GPS signal, and sends a help message with the precise geographical location of the elderly to the designated mobile phone user through the GSM module; when the received GPS signal is invalid, the system will A help message ("I need help") is sent directly to the designated mobile phone user via the GSM module.
2.4 Warm hands
The carbon fiber heating element selected for this function has a rapid temperature rise and high electrothermal conversion efficiency.
After the system is running, the built-in temperature sensor detects the ambient temperature. When the temperature is lower than 20 °C, the MCU starts the heating module, and the carbon fiber heating element is energized with the positive and negative electrodes. In a short time, the temperature rises to about 43 ° C, and the heating is stopped. When the temperature drops below 20 °C, the heating module starts up again. Since the carbon fiber is embedded in the plastic layer, the sealing performance is good and the heat preservation effect is remarkable.
3 test data
3.1 positioning and SMS help function test
In the selected position, press the “Position†button. If the positioning is successful, the display will show “OKâ€; if the positioning is invalid, the display will show “Xâ€. After 10s, press the “SMS Help†button. Within 20s, the destination phone will receive the SMS sent by the system. If the positioning is successful, the content of the information received by the mobile phone is the latitude and longitude of the location, and the latitude and longitude of the location is searched by Google Earth as the theoretical latitude and longitude, and the distance error is obtained after the comparison. If the positioning is invalid, the message content received by the mobile phone is the "I need help" statement. The positioning and SMS help function test data, as shown in Table 1.
(Note: The location of the test data in the table is the headquarters of Jinan University; the test time is 2013-10-21)
Table 1 shows that in a relatively open environment, the system can successfully locate and accurately obtain the latitude and longitude of the location; in a closed environment, the ceiling seriously affects the quality of the GPS receiving information, and the system cannot obtain the latitude and longitude of the environment, but the system cannot obtain the latitude and longitude of the environment. Still able to successfully send help information to the designated mobile phone.
3.2 Navigation test data
Press the "Position" button in the end point in Table 2 to store its latitude and longitude in the EEEPROM. Press the “Navigation†button to go through the five test locations in Table 2 in turn and record the direction indicated by the display arrow. The navigation data is shown in Table 2.
3.3 Heating module test data
In the upper and lower positions of the handle, an infrared thermometer is used to test the temperature before and after the heating module is started, the average temperature is calculated, and the heating time and the holding time of the system are measured by a timer. The specific values ​​are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 illustrates the higher conversion efficiency of the carbon fiber heating element and the good insulation properties of the system.
After the test data analysis, it shows that all aspects of the design can meet the requirements and the performance is stable.
4 Conclusion
According to the basic structure of the umbrella, the design adopts a cylindrical circuit board, a foldable display screen and a flexible circuit board, etc., and the GPS function circuit, the GSM function circuit, the magnetoresistive sensor and the LED display screen are skillfully integrated in the umbrella. . This design realizes simple direction navigation function, SMS help and warm hand function when it is cold, and the operation is simple and the cost is low. The smart umbrella allows the elderly family to keep abreast of the situation when the elderly go out. At the same time, this design can correctly indicate the direction of the elderly to go home, reducing the pressure on the elderly to care for the elderly. In addition, the carbon fiber heating element in the handle can bring more humanized service to the elderly. This design presents a useful attempt to provide a comfortable and safe smart lifestyle for the elderly.
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