EMC-compliant single-chip resolver-to-digital converter (RDC) reference design

The resolver provides accurate, highly reliable position feedback in industrial drives such as servo drives, especially in harsh industrial environments with dust and temperatures above 150 °C. The resolver is an absolute mechanical angle sensor that operates as a variable coupling transformer. This means that the amount of magnetic coupling between the primary winding and the two secondary windings varies according to the angular position of the rotating element (rotor) that is typically mounted on the motor shaft. The resolver can withstand harsh conditions for extended periods of time, making it a power train unit for industrial motor control, servos, robots (including service robots and manufacturing robots), hybrid and all-electric vehicles, and many other applications that require precise axis rotation. best choice.

Industrial drive manufacturers using resolvers in their designs pay more attention to design robustness, absolute angle measurement reliability, and overall system cost. Because the resolver includes differential signals for input and output, this greatly increases their ability to reject common mode noise. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) plays an important role in defining drive robustness. EMC must meet certain standards. Most industrial servo drives are typically connected to motors and position feedback sensors such as resolvers using shielded cables. The cable length can be 100m or even longer. When the cable is long, the impulse noise current on the cable shield induced by the drive's pulse width modulation (PWM) switch can be coupled to the differential signal pair of the resolver. Extremely fast transients – Crosstalk of a switching inverter power cable with a high dV / dt in the range of 10 kV / μs can affect the performance of a resolver-to-digital converter (RDC).

The recently released EMC-compatible single-chip resolver-to-digital converter (RDC) reference design provides an EMC-compliant RDC solution with a single-chip PGA411-Q1 with 12-bit angular resolution. See Figure 1.

Improve the reliability of industrial drives by designing a rotary transformer sensor interface based on EMC compliance

Figure 1: Simplified system block diagram of the TIDA-00363 reference design using the PiccoloTM F28069M MCU LaunchPadTM Development Kit

What are the advantages of this design?

The bill of materials (BOM) and printed circuit board (PCB) dimensions are reduced overall. Traditionally, RDC requires an additional driver amplifier and a power supply for the driver amplifier to drive the sine and cosine excitation signals. Additional semiconductor components take up more space and additional additional passive components are required in the BOM. The RDC reference design uses a highly integrated PGA411-Q1 RDC that integrates a driver amplifier and boost circuit to power the driver amplifier. Compared to competing solutions, the PGA411-Q1 features 150mA output current and a programmable (10V-17V) boost supply that reduces PCB size by 60%. The programmability and flexibility of the PGA411-Q1 allows designers to use a variety of resolvers. The PGA411-Q1 uses analog multiply and subtract and Type-II PI digital tracking loops for angle and velocity calculations without the need for an analog-to-digital converter. For various evaluation methods, the design supports SPI interface (8MHz, 3.3VI/O), parallel (12-bit) interface and ABZ / UVW encoder emulation output interface.

EMC compliance. The reference design has been thoroughly tested for IEC 61000-4-2, 4-4 and 4-5 (ESD, EFT and Surge) in accordance with IEC 61800-3 "Adjustable speed and electric power drive systems - Part 3 : Test level and performance standards specified in EMC requirements and specific test methods. The design meets these standards and exceeds twice the voltage requirements in accordance with IEC 61800-3 EMC immunity requirements. See Table 1.

Improve the reliability of industrial drives by designing a rotary transformer sensor interface based on EMC compliance

Table 1: EMC Immunity Test Results According to IEC618000-3, TIDA-00363

Easy to evaluate TI reference designs in real time. Evaluate the performance of the TMS320F28069M InstaSPIN-MOTIONTM LaunchPad Development Kit reference design using the example firmware on the TMS320F28069M microcontroller. Angle data can be read at angles and register configured at a 16kHz sampling rate via the USB virtual COM port.

Ability to measure angular step response. Many drive applications have angular dynamic changes; RDC should be able to respond to these changes. The RDC reference design is tested against two small angular step responses (1 degree and 5 degrees). Figure 2 shows the step response of a 1 degree change. The angle stabilizes to the desired angle within 938 μs.

Improve the reliability of industrial drives by designing a rotary transformer sensor interface based on EMC compliance

Figure 2: Step response of 1 degree angle change

The angular accuracy of the measurement. The angular accuracy test uses two excitation voltage modes, 7Vrms and 4Vrms. Figure 3 shows the accuracy map. Regardless of the mode and voltage used for excitation, the angular accuracy is better than ±2.5 least significant bit (LSB).

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