Full-duplex is what it means - Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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Q: There is a CP module for the PLC station in the factory, model number 443-1EX20-0XE0. The module has 2 network card ports. When configuring other options in the hardware setup, it shows the message: "For operation with PROFINET IO, please make sure that the PROFINET IO device is connected. All ports can operate at full 100 Mbps. Avoid using a hub to split the network."

A: Full-duplex communication means that data can be transmitted simultaneously in both directions (A→B and B→A). It allows for real-time bidirectional communication, where both parties can send and receive information at the same time.

Half-duplex communication, on the other hand, allows data transmission in only one direction at a time (either A→B or B→A). This means that while one party is sending data, the other must wait until the transmission is complete before responding.

To better understand this, imagine two cars trying to cross a bridge. If the bridge is wide enough, both cars can pass in opposite directions without any conflict—this is full-duplex. But if the bridge is narrow, only one car can go at a time, and the other must wait—this is half-duplex.

A common example of half-duplex is a walkie-talkie, where only one person can speak at a time. In contrast, a regular phone call is full-duplex because both people can talk and listen simultaneously.

This concept is widely used in computer networking. Full-duplex mode in switches means that the device can send and receive data at the same time, which results in faster and more efficient communication. In contrast, older devices like hubs typically operated in half-duplex mode, where data could only be sent or received at one time.

The main advantage of full-duplex communication is reduced latency and improved speed. As technology continues to evolve, half-duplex systems are becoming less common and are gradually being replaced by more advanced full-duplex solutions.